Recommended Readings

See also e-reserve in the library for electronic versions of many of these articles.

General Acoustics Reference: Note workbook has worked examples.

Speaks, C. E. (1999). Introduction To Sound: Acoustics for the Hearing and Speech Sciences (3rd ed.). Singular.

Speaks, C. E., Harvey, S., Trine, T., & Carney, E. (1999). Course Notes and Workshop for Introduction to Sound (3rd ed.). Singular.

Lectures A1-3:

Hudspeth, A.J. (2000). Hearing. In: E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, & T.M. Jessell. Principles of Neural Science. (pp590-613). New York: McGraw Hill.     QP355.2 .P76/2000

Hudspeth, A.J. (2000). Sensory transduction in the ear. In: E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, & T.M. Jessell. Principles of Neural Science. (pp 614-624). New York: McGraw Hill.

QP355.2 .P76/2000

Lecture A4:

Koester J. & Seigelbaum, S.A. (2000). Membrane potential. In: E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, & T.M. Jessell. Principles of Neural Science. (pp 125-139). New York: McGraw Hill.

QP355.2 .P76/2000

Koester J. & Seigelbaum, S.A. (2000). Local signalling: passive electrical properties of the neuron. In: E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, & T.M. Jessell. Principles of Neural Science. (pp 140-149). New York: McGraw Hill.

QP355.2 .P76/2000

Koester J. & Seigelbaum, S.A. (2000). Propagated signalling: the action potential. In: E.R. Kandel, J.H. Schwartz, & T.M. Jessell. Principles of Neural Science. (pp 150-170). New York: McGraw Hill.

QP355.2 .P76/2000

Lectures A5-6:

Moller, A.R. (2000). Anatomy of the auditory nervous system. In: A.R. Moller (Ed) Hearing: Its physiology and pathophysiology. pps 129-150. California: Academic Press.

Moller, A.R. (2000). Hearing: Its physiology and pathophysiology. pps 243-259. California: Academic Press.

Lectures B1-5:

Haughton, P. M. (2002). Acoustics for audiologists. San Diego : Academic Press.

RF291 .H38 2002

Speaks, C. E. (1999). Introduction to sound: Acoustics for the hearing and speech sciences. (3^rd ed.). San Diego: Singular Pub. Group

QC225.15 .S64/1999

Stream A: Anatomy & Physiology of the Auditory System (Monday 9am-12pm)

A1. Unit overview / Overview of Outer, Middle & Inner ear: An overview of the auditory pathway with emphasis on the role of localisation in mammals and speech and communication for humans. A discussion of the three functional parts of the ear, focussing on the outer and middle ear and their role in the conduction of sound to the inner ear.  In particular, the components of the middle ear, including the tympanic membrane and ossicles and their role in impedance-matching, and the Eustachian tube and its role in pressure equalisation and protection of the middle ear.

Some nice downloadable 3-D Models of the ear, temporal bone, etc.

http://www.masseyeandear.org/research/ent/eaton-peabody/epl-imaging-resources/

A2. Cochlear anatomy / physiology: An overview of the different compartments of the cochlea, an understanding of passive and active cochlear tuning.

A3. Cochlear transduction: A discussion of the role of the outer and inner hair cells in the transduction process and two-tone suppression as a function of normal OHC activity.

A4. Neural function & models of pitch perception: The cellular mechanisms underlying neural impulses (action potentials) and their subsequent refractory periods. Neural firing and the post-stimulus time histogram (PSTH) and concepts such as phase-locking and forward masking. An overview of concepts such as recruitment, neural tuning curves and the effect of OHC damage. A discussion of the two theories of pitch perception (place, temporal / volley and place-temporal theories) in the cochlea and the physiological mechanisms underlying these.

 Basic “Readings” explaining neural transduction and communication: http://outreach.mcb.harvard.edu/animations/synaptic.swf

http://www.bristol.ac.uk/synaptic/basics/basics-0.html

A5. Central pathways / binaural hearing: The role of parallel processing in the auditory pathway with reference to the anatomical pathways and the physiological bases of sound localisation. Differences in the processing of pure tones and speech and the implications of hearing loss upon each.

A6. Disorders of the ear: A discussion of the types of common auditory pathologies, their symptoms and clinical findings.

Stream B: Acoustics (Thursday 9am-12pm)

B1. Nature of sound waves & simple harmonic motion: The nature of sound waves and concepts of simple harmonic motion, including sinusoids, frequency, phase, amplitude and vibration.

Useful link, runs through the basic physics of mechanical motion with equations and pretty animations

http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/mechanics/introduction.html

This is a second section specifically related to sound and waves and may be useful across  the whole lecture series

http://www.animations.physics.unsw.edu.au/waves-sound/introduction.html

B2. Logarithms, sound intensity & sound pressure: Introduction to logarithms & solving logarithm problems with reference to the decibel measurement of sound.

Useful link for converting and checking calculations

http://www.sengpielaudio.com/calculator-soundlevel.htm

B3. Measurement of sound & complex sounds: Phase calculations and the measurement of sound pressure & sound intensity including reference pressures, RMS, peak and peak-to-peak and sound levels from equal and unequal sources. Complex sounds will include Fourier analysis & synthesis, harmonics, summation of sine waves and types of complex waves (sawtooth, square, triangular, white noise, pink noise), waveform and their spectra.

Basic “reading” a refresher on trigonometry

http://www.clarku.edu/~djoyce/trig/

Basic Reading on Power, Intensity and the decibel (many other nice explanations and examples to explore on different pages as well).

http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/sound/u11l2b.cfm

B4. Resonance, distortion & filtering: Resonance & damping of sounds, sound distortion and filtering using band-pass, low-pass and high-pass filters.

B5. Sound transmission: A discussion of the inverse square law, reflections, standing waves.

B6. Room acoustics: Discussion of how sound behaves in a room and how this can be modified with absorption, reflection & diffusion, clinical and practical applications to Audiology.