Students

GEOP743 – Understanding Environmental Decision Making

2017 – S1 Evening

General Information

Download as PDF
Unit convenor and teaching staff Unit convenor and teaching staff Unit Convenor
Greg Walkerden
Contact via By email
W3A 430
By appointment
Credit points Credit points
4
Prerequisites Prerequisites
Admission to MRes
Corequisites Corequisites
Co-badged status Co-badged status
Unit description Unit description
This unit teaches foundational skills for environmental decision makers. Students learn to triangulate technically, politically and managerially: looking for ways forward that are respectful of networks of cause and effect, make sense in the light of stakeholders’ diverse interests, and give reasonable assurance of outcomes. Principled negotiation, creative thinking and reflective practice are also emphasised. Students develop their skills in these areas via two research projects: triangulating on a case study of their choice, and using reflective practice to develop their decision making skills.

Important Academic Dates

Information about important academic dates including deadlines for withdrawing from units are available at https://www.mq.edu.au/study/calendar-of-dates

Learning Outcomes

On successful completion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • Appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions.
  • Appreciating the variety of formal and informal decision making processes that shape sustainability outcomes at local, regional, national and international levels
  • Appreciating the wide range of tools and methods that can support environmental decision-making
  • Understanding theoretical perspectives that inform choice of, and design of, environmental decision-making processes
  • Understanding how to innovate in, and research, environmental decision making
  • Using skills in stakeholder analysis and negotiation
  • Using skills in socio-ecological systems analysis and scenario development
  • Using skills in management system analysis and design
  • Integrating political, managerial and technical considerations in environmental decision making, and recognising more equitable, resilient and adaptive strategies
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

General Assessment Information

Submission of Assignments

All assignments must be submitted to Turnitin, via iLearn, by midnight on the due date. These are all at the end of a weekend, so you can finish them over a weekend if you wish.

On Turnitin, your assignments will be automatically compared to work of your classmates, previous students from Macquarie and other universities, with material available on the Internet, both freely available and subscription-based electronic journals. The results of the analysis will be sent only to the course convener, who will analyse the results in the light of the University's standard Policy on Plagiarism.

Late Submissions

To request an extension, make the request through ask.mq.edu.au, providing a clear explanation and providing supporting documentation where needed (often a Macquarie Professional Authority form).  

Assignments that are handed in late that do not get an extension approved via ask.mq.edu.au will lose marks.  The underlying issue here is fairness: more time without penalties (and without extenuating circumstances of course) would be unfair.  Assignments handed in late will have marks reduced by 5% per day late.  So, for example, if an assignment that would ordinarily get 21/30 is two days late will be revised down to 19/30, as 10% of 21 is 2.1.  If they are submitted more than 10 days after the due date, they will not be marked.

Please plan your work for your units at the start of the Session, and keep track of how much time you have available for each assignment.  Please get help if you are having trouble completing work on time.  Visit a doctor, a Campus Wellbeing service (https://students.mq.edu.au/support/wellbeing), talk to the Unit Convenor for academic help, or whatever else is appropriate.

Assessment Tasks

Name Weighting Hurdle Due
Case Study Assignment 1 10% No Midnight Sunday 26th March
Case Study Assignment 2 40% No Midnight Sunday 30th April
Practice Research Report 50% No Midnight Sunday 4th June

Case Study Assignment 1

Due: Midnight Sunday 26th March
Weighting: 10%

Stakeholder analysis table with brief explanatory notes, for the case you are researching.

2 page table; perhaps 1,000 words all up

Your stakeholder analysis table should briefly describe each stakeholder’s (i) positions, (ii) interests and (iii) how a negotiation might be approached.

Questions to reflect on include:

•    who has a stake in this decision?

•    what positions are the stakeholders taking?

•    what interests underlie their positions?

•    what powers does each stakeholder have (e.g. financial, legal, political, intellectual)?

•    what approaches might stakeholders be able to align around?

A model for this table will be provided in a class exercise.


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions.
  • Understanding theoretical perspectives that inform choice of, and design of, environmental decision-making processes
  • Using skills in stakeholder analysis and negotiation
  • Integrating political, managerial and technical considerations in environmental decision making, and recognising more equitable, resilient and adaptive strategies
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

Case Study Assignment 2

Due: Midnight Sunday 30th April
Weighting: 40%

A technical / political / managerial triangulation on the case you are researching, leading to recommendations - 2,000 words

Explain how you see the case through each separate lens – technical, political and managerial – and show how you arrive at your recommendations by synthesising the insights from all three, recognising that decisions that help on the ground are ones that:

•    work technically, i.e. they make sense when networks of cause and effect are taken into account,

•    work politically, i.e. they are implementable in practice, bearing in mind the realties of political power and powerlessness, and

•    work managerially, i.e. plan-do-review loops are closed, resourcing is appropriate, etc., so there is a reasonable chance the benefits will actually be delivered.


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions.
  • Appreciating the variety of formal and informal decision making processes that shape sustainability outcomes at local, regional, national and international levels
  • Appreciating the wide range of tools and methods that can support environmental decision-making
  • Using skills in stakeholder analysis and negotiation
  • Using skills in socio-ecological systems analysis and scenario development
  • Using skills in management system analysis and design
  • Integrating political, managerial and technical considerations in environmental decision making, and recognising more equitable, resilient and adaptive strategies
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

Practice Research Report

Due: Midnight Sunday 4th June
Weighting: 50%

Report on your experiments with your own practice – 2,000 words, plus appendices.

Your research report will report on your experiments, during the session, with reflectively practicing one or more of the practices Environmental Decision Making focuses on, to develop your skills as an environmental decision maker.  The six practices are: stakeholder analysis (which develops political sensitivity), systems analysis (which develops technical insight), management system analysis and design (which develops managerial sensitivity), negotiation, creative thinking and reflective practice.  These experiments can take place in any setting other than your work in GSE843 classes or assignments - e.g. in another unit you are doing.

The research methods you will use come from Donald Schön’s and Eugene Gendlin’s work on reflective practice: (i) using one or more of exploratory practice, move testing and hypothesis testing (Schön), while (ii) exploring, leveraging and developing your 'feel' for what it may make sense to do (Gendlin).

The report will use the classic structure for a research report: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion.


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Appreciating the wide range of tools and methods that can support environmental decision-making
  • Understanding theoretical perspectives that inform choice of, and design of, environmental decision-making processes
  • Understanding how to innovate in, and research, environmental decision making
  • Using skills in stakeholder analysis and negotiation
  • Using skills in socio-ecological systems analysis and scenario development
  • Using skills in management system analysis and design
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

Delivery and Resources

Technology used and required

Students will need access to a computer and basic office software (eg. Microsoft Office or OpenOffice), and course web pages to complete assessment tasks. (The computers in the EMC2 building are usually available.)  The unit's webpage is on iLearn: https://ilearn.mq.edu.au

Recommended Texts

The following are recommended background reading:

  • Harding R, CM Hendriks & M Faruqi 2009 Environmental Decision-making: Exploring Complexity and Context, The Federation Press, Sydney.
  • Walker B & D Salt 2006 Resilience thinking: sustaining ecosystems and people in a changing world, Island Press, Washington.
  • Forester J 1989 Planning in the Face of Power, University of California Press, Berkeley.

Finding relevant journal articles

Citing peer reviewed research is essential for all assignments.  Access peer reviewed journal articles through the University Library’s website; use MultiSearch.  Google Scholar is an excellent starting point.  If you are off-campus, accessing Google Scholar from the university library's home page (see link below the Search box) will make it easier to get to journal articles.

The following databases of journal articles accessible through the University Library are also particularly recommended:

  • Academic Search Premier 
  • JSTOR 
  • Scopus 
  • Web of Knowledge
  • Web of Science

The library has put together a set of guides to assist researchers in multiple disciplines, including Environmental Law, Environmental Science and Human Geography.

See the Unit’s iLearn home page for further sources of information.

Writing Guide and Referencing

All written work must comply with the Graduate School of the Environment Writing Guide for preparing written work available on iLearn.  Refer to it for details of how to reference sources, amongst other things.

Unit Schedule

Classes

GEOP843 lectures and workshops will be presented and facilitated by the convenor and guest speakers from a variety of organisations involved in environmental planning and management.

Classes run from 6:00 pm to 9:00 pm on Thursday nights.  The room and other details (notably calendar weeks and dates) are in the University Timetable.

See the Unit’s iLearn page for details of the program.

Policies and Procedures

Macquarie University policies and procedures are accessible from Policy Central. Students should be aware of the following policies in particular with regard to Learning and Teaching:

Academic Honesty Policy http://mq.edu.au/policy/docs/academic_honesty/policy.html

Assessment Policy http://mq.edu.au/policy/docs/assessment/policy_2016.html

Grade Appeal Policy http://mq.edu.au/policy/docs/gradeappeal/policy.html

Complaint Management Procedure for Students and Members of the Public http://www.mq.edu.au/policy/docs/complaint_management/procedure.html​

Disruption to Studies Policy (in effect until Dec 4th, 2017): http://www.mq.edu.au/policy/docs/disruption_studies/policy.html

Special Consideration Policy (in effect from Dec 4th, 2017): https://staff.mq.edu.au/work/strategy-planning-and-governance/university-policies-and-procedures/policies/special-consideration

In addition, a number of other policies can be found in the Learning and Teaching Category of Policy Central.

Student Code of Conduct

Macquarie University students have a responsibility to be familiar with the Student Code of Conduct: https://students.mq.edu.au/support/student_conduct/

Results

Results shown in iLearn, or released directly by your Unit Convenor, are not confirmed as they are subject to final approval by the University. Once approved, final results will be sent to your student email address and will be made available in eStudent. For more information visit ask.mq.edu.au.

Student Support

Macquarie University provides a range of support services for students. For details, visit http://students.mq.edu.au/support/

Learning Skills

Learning Skills (mq.edu.au/learningskills) provides academic writing resources and study strategies to improve your marks and take control of your study.

Student Services and Support

Students with a disability are encouraged to contact the Disability Service who can provide appropriate help with any issues that arise during their studies.

Student Enquiries

For all student enquiries, visit Student Connect at ask.mq.edu.au

IT Help

For help with University computer systems and technology, visit http://www.mq.edu.au/about_us/offices_and_units/information_technology/help/

When using the University's IT, you must adhere to the Acceptable Use of IT Resources Policy. The policy applies to all who connect to the MQ network including students.

Graduate Capabilities

PG - Capable of Professional and Personal Judgment and Initiative

Our postgraduates will demonstrate a high standard of discernment and common sense in their professional and personal judgment. They will have the ability to make informed choices and decisions that reflect both the nature of their professional work and their personal perspectives.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Integrating political, managerial and technical considerations in environmental decision making, and recognising more equitable, resilient and adaptive strategies
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 1
  • Case Study Assignment 2
  • Practice Research Report

PG - Discipline Knowledge and Skills

Our postgraduates will be able to demonstrate a significantly enhanced depth and breadth of knowledge, scholarly understanding, and specific subject content knowledge in their chosen fields.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions.
  • Appreciating the variety of formal and informal decision making processes that shape sustainability outcomes at local, regional, national and international levels
  • Appreciating the wide range of tools and methods that can support environmental decision-making
  • Understanding theoretical perspectives that inform choice of, and design of, environmental decision-making processes

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 1
  • Case Study Assignment 2
  • Practice Research Report

PG - Critical, Analytical and Integrative Thinking

Our postgraduates will be capable of utilising and reflecting on prior knowledge and experience, of applying higher level critical thinking skills, and of integrating and synthesising learning and knowledge from a range of sources and environments. A characteristic of this form of thinking is the generation of new, professionally oriented knowledge through personal or group-based critique of practice and theory.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions.
  • Using skills in socio-ecological systems analysis and scenario development
  • Using skills in management system analysis and design

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 1
  • Case Study Assignment 2

PG - Research and Problem Solving Capability

Our postgraduates will be capable of systematic enquiry; able to use research skills to create new knowledge that can be applied to real world issues, or contribute to a field of study or practice to enhance society. They will be capable of creative questioning, problem finding and problem solving.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Understanding how to innovate in, and research, environmental decision making
  • Using skills in researching professional practice in environmental decision-making.

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 1
  • Case Study Assignment 2
  • Practice Research Report

PG - Effective Communication

Our postgraduates will be able to communicate effectively and convey their views to different social, cultural, and professional audiences. They will be able to use a variety of technologically supported media to communicate with empathy using a range of written, spoken or visual formats.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Appreciating the variety of formal and informal decision making processes that shape sustainability outcomes at local, regional, national and international levels
  • Using skills in stakeholder analysis and negotiation

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 1
  • Case Study Assignment 2
  • Practice Research Report

PG - Engaged and Responsible, Active and Ethical Citizens

Our postgraduates will be ethically aware and capable of confident transformative action in relation to their professional responsibilities and the wider community. They will have a sense of connectedness with others and country and have a sense of mutual obligation. They will be able to appreciate the impact of their professional roles for social justice and inclusion related to national and global issues

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcome

  • Integrating political, managerial and technical considerations in environmental decision making, and recognising more equitable, resilient and adaptive strategies

Assessment tasks

  • Case Study Assignment 2
  • Practice Research Report

Assessment Standards

Requirements to Complete this Unit Satisfactorily

In order to successfully complete this unit students must:

  • attend at least 80% of scheduled lectures;
  • participate in class discussions, workshops and activities;
  • complete all assessment tasks; and
  • reach a satisfactory postgraduate level of achievement in assignments or other assessment as determined by the Head of Department.

Assessment Standards

Many specific aspects of your work are important (as identified in the following standards), but it is the overall quality of the completed work that is important. Assignments will be assessed holistically.  The following bands are ‘ideal types’: lists of the features of typical examples of assignments at each level.

The standard of each assignment is obviously important - good grades demonstrate that your work is competent, proficient or excellent.  But from a learning perspective, it is equally important to look at your own work developmentally: to look for gradual improvement, deepening insight, and broadening competency.  Grades for assignments assess the standard of your work.  Comments on assignments are intended to be helpful developmentally: indicating what you have achieved, and how you could improve your work.

For a grade of High Distinction (>= 85%)

  • use and synthesis of a variety of high quality sources not mentioned in class or on reading lists;
  • considered use of dictionary and technical terms, diagrams and/or other sources to define and set the topic in context;
  • incisive and decisive specification of the key issues;
  • prioritisation and exposition of the key issues in a clear and logical sequence;
  • relevant contrary arguments are identified and effectively dealt with;
  • discussion forms a sound basis for clear, justified and comprehensive recommendations and conclusions;
  • independence of thought and obvious originality;
  • demonstrated ability to weigh arguments and form clear, considered personal viewpoints;
  • proficient use of the English language;
  • references presented at ‘publishable’ standard.

Overall, your work demonstrates, in an interesting or challenging way, originality based on proficiency in all the learning objectives.

For a grade of Distinction (75-84%)

  • use and synthesis of some high quality sources not mentioned in class or on reading lists, and reference to some others;
  • adequate use of dictionary and technical terms, diagrams and/or other sources to define and set the topic in context;
  • clear specification of the key issues;
  • key issues generally presented in a logical sequence;
  • relevant contrary arguments raised but might not be fully resolved;
  • discussion leads to clear and justified recommendations and conclusions;
  • independence of thought and significant originality;
  • general ability to weigh arguments and form personal viewpoints;
  • clear use of the English language;
  • references largely error free.

Overall, your work demonstrates a comprehensive awareness and understanding of the topic of the assignment.

For a grade of Credit (65-74%)

  • use and synthesis of some high quality sources, and reference to some additional good quality material;
  • use of dictionary and technical terms to define and contextualise the topic;
  • overall awareness of the key issues;
  • the selected key issues generally presented in a logical sequence;
  • some contrary arguments raised with inadequate appreciation of their significance;
  • a clear statement of conclusions and recommendations;
  • some independent thought but limited originality;
  • difficulties in weighing arguments and presenting personal viewpoints;
  • sometimes proficient and always passable use of the English language;
  • some errors of omission or detail in presentation of references.

Overall, your work demonstrates the ability to use and apply fundamental concepts and skills.

For a grade of Pass (50-64%)

  • limited use and synthesis of good quality sources;
  • use of dictionary or vernacular definitions in an attempt to identify and set the topic in context;
  • some awareness of the key issues;
  • some attempt to order the argument, but flaws in logical discipline;
  • few contrary arguments raised and little appreciation of their significance or resolution;
  • a generally clear statement of conclusions and recommendations;
  • little independent thought and minimal originality;
  • little weighing of argument and lack of clarity in personal viewpoints;
  • passable use of the English language;
  • some errors of omission or detail in presentation of references.

Overall, your work satisfies the basic learning requirements of the assignment.

For a grade of Fail (45-49%)

  • at the lower end of the acceptable range for most criteria for a grade of 4.

For a lower grade of Fail (26-44%)

  • lack of awareness of sources or what the question is about;
  • confused definitions;
  • general inability to identify the key issues;
  • inability to order the argument;
  • few, if any, contrary arguments raised and no appreciation of their significance or resolution;
  • inadequate statement of conclusions or recommendations;
  • no independent thought or originality;
  • no ability to weigh arguments or form personal viewpoints.

For a grade of Serious Fail (< 26%)

  • no reference to suggested sources, generally inappropriate use of materials
  • no attempt at definitions;
  • no awareness of key issues, such that the paper fails to address or answer the question;
  • arguments unformulated, many errors, unsupported assertions, unjustified generalisations;
  • contrary arguments impugned or ignored;
  • inconclusive outcome to the paper;
  • no independent thought, any originality likely to be illogical;
  • inability to weigh arguments, personal viewpoints absent or inadequate.

Source:   Neil DT, Wadley DA, and Phinn SR 1999, 'A generic framework for criterion-referenced assessment of undergraduate essays', Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 23(3) pp. 303-325. See also: Neil DT, Wadley DA, and Phinn SR 1998, Assessment Guidelines, School of Geography, Planning and Environmental Management, The University of Queensland.  

Used with permission.  This text is a very minor adaptation of an excerpt from Neil, Wadley and Phinn (1998).  See the full text in either version for further very useful background on these standards, and the criteria they reflect.

Academic Honesty

It is a fundamental principle that all staff and students act with integrity in the creation, development, application and use of ideas and information. This means that:

▪    all academic work claimed as original is the work of the author making the claim

▪    all academic collaborations are acknowledged

▪    academic work is not falsified in any way

▪    when the ideas of others are used, these ideas are acknowledged appropriately.

All students should familiarise themselves with Macquarie University's Academic Honesty Policy.

The Department recommends that students familiarise themselves with the explanation of plagiarism on the Georgetown University Honor Council website which discusses plagiarism in an easy to understand and comprehensive manner.

Teaching and Learning Strategy

Teaching and Learning Strategy

The teaching process has four main elements:

  1. Lectorials (conversational lectures – a hybrid lecture / tutorial format) that introduce basic concepts.
  2. Talks from guest lecturers that convey the complexities of environmental and sustainability decision-making, in practice, in diverse settings.
  3. Workshop sessions that provide opportunities for experiential learning.
  4. Assignments that require students to practice key skills, including taking a systems perspective, stakeholder analysis, management system analysis, and integrative thinking.

Students are expected to:

  • participate in workshop activities in small groups (including discussions, role plays, and practicing key skills in small groups);
  • read set readings in advance for classes; and
  • follow current developments with regard to environmental decision-making, environmental policy and sustainable development in the media.

Lectorials and workshop sessions will introduce students to:

  • identifying social, economic and ecological interdependencies,
  • identifying political, institutional and managerial issues,
  • identifying scientific, legal, engineering, planning, and other technical information relevant to decisions,
  • appreciating complexity and uncertainty in environmental and sustainable development decisions,
  • appreciating the variety of formal and informal decision making processes that shape sustainability outcomes at local, regional, national and international levels, and
  • appreciating the wide range of tools and methods that can support environmental decision-making, through a mixture of theory and case studies.

Key analytical and synthesis skills - stakeholder analysis, socio-ecological systems analysis, management system analysis, and making judgments that integrate political, managerial and technical considerations - will be practiced in workshop sessions and in the main assignment.

Workshops will also provide opportunities for practicing negotiation skills and appreciating differences in decision making practices in different cultural and national contexts.

Skills in reflective practice will be an ongoing subtext, with frequent invitations to reflect, and a final assignment designed to evoke students' reflection on their learnings.

Rationale for Modes of Assessment

  • The Case Study Assignments, 1 and 2, introduce students to policy research, and involve applying skills in stakeholder analysis, socio-ecological systems analysis, and management system design, to support identification of more equitable, resilient and adaptive policy options.  These are 'mesopractices': practices typically used at a resolution of hours to days. 
  • The Practice Research Assignment, Assignment 3,  develops skills in reflective practice, and specifically in taking an experimental approach to one's own 'micropractices': practices typically used at a resolution of seconds to minutes.  Practice skills at this resolution make a large difference to the quality of one's work. 

Teaching Program

See the Unit’s iLearn page for details of the program.