Students

ENVS828 – Research Methods for Sustainable Development

2018 – S2 Evening

General Information

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Unit convenor and teaching staff Unit convenor and teaching staff Unit Convenor
Wendy Goldstein
Contact via wendy.goldstein@mq.edu.au
12 Wallys Walk (E7A) Fifth Floor Room 505
Open: By appointment
Lecturer
Richard Horsfield
Credit points Credit points
4
Prerequisites Prerequisites
Admission to MEnvEd or MSc or MEnvMgt or MEnvStud or MSusDev or MEnvPlan or MEnv or MSocEntre or GradDipEnv or GradCertEnv or GradCertSusDev or GradDipSusDev or GradCertSIA or GradDipSIA or MPH
Corequisites Corequisites
Co-badged status Co-badged status
Unit description Unit description
This unit provides an overview of the role of research in sustainable development and in research paradigms and methods. Students will have practical experience of processing and communicating quantitative and qualitative data to guide action. The unit will emphasise action research providing students with an opportunity to explore, at a practical level, how action research can be used as a tool to achieve the goals of sustainable development. Students will develop skills in research planning, literature review and writing a research funding proposal. Students will be introduced to the ethical considerations and processes of undertaking research. The unit provides students with a broad understanding of the comparative usefulness of different research methods for sustainable development.

Important Academic Dates

Information about important academic dates including deadlines for withdrawing from units are available at https://www.mq.edu.au/study/calendar-of-dates

Learning Outcomes

On successful completion of this unit, you will be able to:

  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Be able to present and defend a research project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

General Assessment Information

The assessments in this unit are oriented to work practice.

The first assignment: is a practice at writing report a mini consultant report. The style of writing is appropriate to informing a client of the results of surveys undertaken in an organisation, and recommending next steps based on the research. 

The final assessment is quite challenging as students are expected to respond to the donor's requirements for explanations about the project. This means the proposal has to be written in a concise and clear way that is a different skill to writing an essay.  Preparing a good proposal takes time and many redrafts to be succinct (within a word limit) and communicate clearly the intent of the project. Students are advised to spend a week (20 hours minimum) on preparing this well.

The literature review provides the context for the project. It shows that the student is aware of the research that has gone before in this area, and in action research methods. It draws out lessons to be learned. 

Assessment Tasks

Name Weighting Hurdle Due
Assignment 1: analysis 15% No September 3rd
Assignment 2 Research Proposal 25% No October 1st
Assignment 3 Funding Proposal 50% No 1st November
Assignment 4 Data Analysis 10% No 12th November

Assignment 1: analysis

Due: September 3rd
Weighting: 15%

Your task is to analyse the elements of two research papers (to be advised) to demonstrate an understanding of the purposes of research, the research philosophy, research design, ethical principles, analysis of data and conclusions in relation to sustainable development.  

The paper will summarise two research papers and in each case you are asked to draw out evidence of the following aspects

1. Research question / hypothesis/ or objectives of the study

2. The context for this investigation – why and what is it important to find out. This will include the way the literature review is used to frame the research

3. Who is the researcher (position in the research) and what is their role

4. How was the research designed

5. What methods of data collection were used

6. What ethical issues were considered or arose in the research

7. How were the findings analysed

8. What conclusions emerged 

9. What limitations occurred  in the research or findings

Conclusions about the research philosophy or paradigm that underpinned each research paper

 


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research

Assignment 2 Research Proposal

Due: October 1st
Weighting: 25%

This assignment requires students to prepare:

 a) a poster and b) a research plan that summarises a proposal for a research project for sustainable development with a short literature review.

The emphasis of the project proposal is on an action research approach.  The action research component can be complemented by other research approaches.

a) Research Poster

 You need to design a poster which summarises the essence and key components of your research project.

 The poster will need to be in colour. All lettering must be readable from 1-2 metres away. Minimum font size is 18 point but 24 is recommended. You do not need to go through the expense of printing a poster  (size A0) as it can be projected and produced in powerpoint. You will be speaking to this poster at a later stage in the course

 b) Research plan

This document will present a summary of the research proposal and can use diagrams and figures. The research plan should specify:

  1.        the focus of the research and how it is relevant to sustainable development; 
  2.        the aims and objectives of the research;
  3.        the different stages of your action research approach, including a discussion justifying the research approaches used
  4.         the methods used in the research and data collection/ analysis tools used;
  5.        expected outcomes of the research;
  6.        an issues management table (exploring how you will manage risks in the research project)
  7.        plus a short literature review on key considerations in undertaking action research (1000 words)

c.  Presentation of research plan 

Each student will present and defend their research proposal.  You will have 15 minutes overall and your presentation will be assessed by your peers after the break:

  •  Presentation to explain your poster and research plan to a peer group audience (5 mins)
  •  Interactive Session with the group where you use the audience to workshop some ideas or help you solve a problem or simply invite structured questions about the proposal (5 mins)
  • Question and Answer Session (5 mins)

 


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Be able to present and defend a research project

Assignment 3 Funding Proposal

Due: 1st November
Weighting: 50%

In this assignment you are expected to submit a completed funding proposal for an action research project for sustainable development. You are required to provide the proposal in the format of a grant organisation.  The second component is to provide a separate literature review to back-up your research proposal topic and approach.

 Part A - Literature review:

 A research funding proposal usually has a literature review to show that the researcher is aware of what has been done before, and position the new research in the field to fill in a gap in what has been done before and justify the basis for the new research.

The literature review is also designed to prove that the researcher has considered the theory, methodology, and the methods of the research based on past practice.

The literature review focuses on the field of research chosen for the student's project (that is it is not a general review of action research literature).

Twenty percent (20%) of the total marks will be allocated to this literature review and it is about 2000 words. More details are provided through ilearn.

This is an extensive task and it is therefore important that you start reading and making notes in preparation for this Assignment, immediately after the first class.

 Part B - Research Funding Proposal:

 The proposal must present a complete and improved version of the summary submitted as part of assignment 1. 

The proposal must address the funding agency's priorities and needs (as well as the unit requirements, which will be specified in ilearn). It is recommended that you study the assessment criteria before submitting this assignment.

 There will be an opportunity in the first sessions to discuss the above further.

 

 

 


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research

Assignment 4 Data Analysis

Due: 12th November
Weighting: 10%

This assignment provides practice in analysing data from a survey - both quantitative and qualitative. The other skills to be demonstrated are being able to present the results in a mini consultant report in a manner that is helpful to a client, and forming recommendations based on the findings. Details of the data will be provided on ilearn and explained in the class session.


On successful completion you will be able to:
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Delivery and Resources

The unit is taught by weekly evening sessions of three hours. 

The three hour sessions will consist of short presentations to introduce a theme or idea; discussion groups on short class assignments based on readings, or activities to develop skills, or understanding of the research design process. The unit is being taught in an active learning space encouraging participation through out.

There are 2 sessions that require you to bring your computer to work on excel to process data. 

The main emphasis of the unit is oriented to assisting you to prepare and submit a research funding proposal, providing practice in designing research and in applying for funds. Students practice the following skills through the assignments, in class discussions and delivery:

  • evaluating research 
  • designing a research project.
  • communicating their research project by making a poster and by presenting a 'pitch' for their research topic,
  • forming questions to seek professional input to the proposal,
  • developing a funding proposal within the requirements of a donor's format.  The funding agency chosen could be an international aid agency such as AusAid, NORAD, DFID, DANIDA, SIDA or US USAID, a Foundation like the MacArthur Foundation (US) or a state agency (such as NSW Office of the Environment – Environment Trust). The funding agency "chosen" for your application needs to be have a stated interest in your project theme.
  • Students are also guided on data processing and presentation using excel and develop skills of writing a report as a consultant for a client.

The unit requires the student to read widely to understand the research process, the role of research for sustainable development, the role of the researcher in the research process, the ethics of research, the ways research is designed, and how it will be evaluated.

Further instructions on assignments and reading are provided through ilearn.

Some key resources include:

 Action Research Journal (Sage) 

ALAR: Action Learning and Action Research Journal  

Educational Action Research (Journal) 

Bradbury P & Reason H. 2007 The Sage Handbook of Action Research: Participative Inquiry and Practice

Bryman A. 2012 Social research methods Oxford University Press - provides a good overview of social research, methodology and good details on methods. 

Ferrance, A 2000 Action Research Northeast and Islands Regional Educational Laboratory At Brown University (this is a brief introduction to Action Research in Education) ​https://www.brown.edu/academics/education-alliance/sites/brown.edu.academics.education-alliance/files/publications/act_research.pdf

Greenwood D. & Levin M 1998 Introduction to action research: Social research for social change Sage - These authors take a pragmatic view of action research oriented to organisational change and consultancy in management

Kemmis S. McTaggart R Nixon R. 2014 The Action Research Planner Doing Critical Participatory Action Research Springer  - This reference by Australian and Canadian researchers is oriented to action research in education with a particular focus on critical participatory action research. Practical structures are provided and questions to guide the researcher are included. There are several case studies from the education sector. 

Stringer E.T 1996 Action research: A handbook for practitioners Thousand Oaks Sage - This Australian author draws on experience in community action research and education 

Wadsworth Y 2011 Do it yourself social research (3rd ed) Allen and Unwin - This reference provides a practical guide to planning and managing a community based action research project, written in an accessible form. 

Wadsworth Y. 2010 Building in Research and Evaluation Human Inquiry for living systems  Allen and Unwin - This reference builds on the above and provides a deeper theory of how we can inquire. A valuable  series of research questions and case studies from the human health services field are included 

Zuber-Skerritt, O (ed) 1990 . Action research for change and development  Nathan, Qld. : Centre for the Advancement of Learning and Teaching, Griffith University

 

Unit Schedule

Date

Topic

Background Reading – see refs on ilearn

Session 1

July 31st

Introduction to the course themes What is research?

Role of research in sustainable development Social research compared to environmental science research

Overview of social research methods  

Brief on Assessment tasks

DECC Guide to using research in sustainability programs _ Reading case studies for group discussion

 

Additional reading

McLoughlin & Young (paper)  The Role of Social Research in Effective Social Change Programs

Bryman, A.  Ch 1 and 2 

Session 2 

August 6th

What is action research 

Practice in a research method - constant comparison

Social research case study

 

Reason and Bradbury Ch 1 

Kemmis McTaggart Nixon 2014 The Action Research Planner Doing Critical Participatory Action Research Ch. 1 

Session 3 

 August 13th

Why action research for sustainable development?

What is and what is not action research?

Introduction to Research paradigms

Case studies to be advised

Will Allen - role of action research in environmental management  http://learningforsustainability.net/research/thesis/thesis_ch3.html

Session 4

 August 20th

Examples of Action Research for sustainable development

Case studies of AR

Models of action research

 

Case studies to be advised 

Session 5

August 27th

Defining the elements of an action research project

Role of literature review

Ethics and Issues management

 Discussion of project concepts

 

Session 6

 September 3rd

Designing action research

Facilitating processes / role of researcher

 

 

September 3rd

Submit assignment 1

 

Session 7 

September 10th

Research Design and Strategy

Data collection and analysis

 

BREAK  FROM CLASSES September 17th - October 2nd

 

October 1st

 

NO Session – public Holiday

 

October 1st

 

Submit assignment 2 Research project plan and poster

 

Session 8

October 8th

  

Presentations of posters and defence of research proposals –  peer feedback – in groups

Responding to Funding requirements

 

Session 9

October 15th

 

Designing measures for AR project outcomes

Evaluating action research

Limitations of AR

 

 

Session 10

October 22nd

Other social research methods

 

October 29th 

Social research methods and skills

Writing Survey Questionnaires

Analysis of a survey questionnaire

Managing data and reporting data from a case study

Presenting and communicating findings

 

 

 

Richard Horsfield will lead this session

Bring your lap top

November 1st

Assessment task: Project Proposal and Literature Review Assessment uploaded

 

November 6th

Review of action research

Responding to funding proposal requirements

 

Social research skills and reporting

Managing data and reporting

Working with quantitative and qualitative data sets

Interpreting data

Communicating findings 

 

Richard Horsfield will lead this session

Bring your lap top

12th November

Assessment Task: short consultant report uploaded

 

Policies and Procedures

Macquarie University policies and procedures are accessible from Policy Central (https://staff.mq.edu.au/work/strategy-planning-and-governance/university-policies-and-procedures/policy-central). Students should be aware of the following policies in particular with regard to Learning and Teaching:

Undergraduate students seeking more policy resources can visit the Student Policy Gateway (https://students.mq.edu.au/support/study/student-policy-gateway). It is your one-stop-shop for the key policies you need to know about throughout your undergraduate student journey.

If you would like to see all the policies relevant to Learning and Teaching visit Policy Central (https://staff.mq.edu.au/work/strategy-planning-and-governance/university-policies-and-procedures/policy-central).

Student Code of Conduct

Macquarie University students have a responsibility to be familiar with the Student Code of Conduct: https://students.mq.edu.au/study/getting-started/student-conduct​

Results

Results shown in iLearn, or released directly by your Unit Convenor, are not confirmed as they are subject to final approval by the University. Once approved, final results will be sent to your student email address and will be made available in eStudent. For more information visit ask.mq.edu.au.

Student Support

Macquarie University provides a range of support services for students. For details, visit http://students.mq.edu.au/support/

Learning Skills

Learning Skills (mq.edu.au/learningskills) provides academic writing resources and study strategies to improve your marks and take control of your study.

Student Services and Support

Students with a disability are encouraged to contact the Disability Service who can provide appropriate help with any issues that arise during their studies.

Student Enquiries

For all student enquiries, visit Student Connect at ask.mq.edu.au

IT Help

For help with University computer systems and technology, visit http://www.mq.edu.au/about_us/offices_and_units/information_technology/help/

When using the University's IT, you must adhere to the Acceptable Use of IT Resources Policy. The policy applies to all who connect to the MQ network including students.

Graduate Capabilities

PG - Capable of Professional and Personal Judgment and Initiative

Our postgraduates will demonstrate a high standard of discernment and common sense in their professional and personal judgment. They will have the ability to make informed choices and decisions that reflect both the nature of their professional work and their personal perspectives.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Be able to present and defend a research project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment tasks

  • Assignment 2 Research Proposal
  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal
  • Assignment 4 Data Analysis

PG - Discipline Knowledge and Skills

Our postgraduates will be able to demonstrate a significantly enhanced depth and breadth of knowledge, scholarly understanding, and specific subject content knowledge in their chosen fields.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment tasks

  • Assignment 2 Research Proposal
  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal

PG - Critical, Analytical and Integrative Thinking

Our postgraduates will be capable of utilising and reflecting on prior knowledge and experience, of applying higher level critical thinking skills, and of integrating and synthesising learning and knowledge from a range of sources and environments. A characteristic of this form of thinking is the generation of new, professionally oriented knowledge through personal or group-based critique of practice and theory.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment tasks

  • Assignment 1: analysis
  • Assignment 2 Research Proposal
  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal
  • Assignment 4 Data Analysis

PG - Research and Problem Solving Capability

Our postgraduates will be capable of systematic enquiry; able to use research skills to create new knowledge that can be applied to real world issues, or contribute to a field of study or practice to enhance society. They will be capable of creative questioning, problem finding and problem solving.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Show a basic understanding of research paradigms, associated methodology and the purposes of research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Demonstrate an effective grasp of the international literature relating to action research
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment tasks

  • Assignment 1: analysis
  • Assignment 2 Research Proposal
  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal

PG - Effective Communication

Our postgraduates will be able to communicate effectively and convey their views to different social, cultural, and professional audiences. They will be able to use a variety of technologically supported media to communicate with empathy using a range of written, spoken or visual formats.

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Explain the role that research can play in the achievement of sustainable development
  • Critically review action research literature and practice
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Be able to present and defend a research project
  • Prepare a funding proposal for research
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment tasks

  • Assignment 1: analysis
  • Assignment 2 Research Proposal
  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal
  • Assignment 4 Data Analysis

PG - Engaged and Responsible, Active and Ethical Citizens

Our postgraduates will be ethically aware and capable of confident transformative action in relation to their professional responsibilities and the wider community. They will have a sense of connectedness with others and country and have a sense of mutual obligation. They will be able to appreciate the impact of their professional roles for social justice and inclusion related to national and global issues

This graduate capability is supported by:

Learning outcomes

  • Understand the importance of ethics in research
  • Explain the role of action research as a process of participatory change
  • Be able to articulate principles, strengths and limitations of a research strategy and in particular for action research
  • Apply principles of good practice in action research for sustainable development in the design and planning of an AR project
  • Demonstrate skills to process data from research and make a report for a client

Assessment task

  • Assignment 3 Funding Proposal

Changes from Previous Offering

A new assignment 1 has been added to the assessments. This is designed to develop more understanding of research approaches.

An assessment has been taken out, that is the class presentation of the project proposals (assignment 2). It  has been changed to be a presentation to small groups of peers and is unmarked. This is because previously students have not engaged with all of the class members making presentations.  The Project Funding proposal assignment remains and the consultancy report remains, though this year it has been moved to be the last assignment.